Red Led High
Red Led High
How to hook up LEDs to a switch and batteries?
So I have some LEDs for my costume and while I don’t need them to blink, I need to hook them up to a battery and switch. I know I need resistors of a certain type to designate a charge to the LEDs but after that, how do I hook them to a switch? I bought some LEDs and switches at Radio Shack, so I’ll list them and the number under them. Any help would be awesome. Thanks.
LEDs I have:
5mm Red LED 12VCS 20mA 1.5mcd with integrated resistor
5mm Green LED 2.1VDC 25mA 6.3mcd
10mm Ultra Hgh Brightness Red LED (FW current 20mA FW supply 2.4V (max) )
4-pin High Brightness Blue LED (FW 20mA FW supply 3.5V(typical) 4.0V (max) )
Switches I have:
SPST Submini Toggle Switch (contacts rated 3A at 125VAC 1A at 250VAC) solder terminals. 1/4″ mounting hole
If you could give me a step by step that’d be awesome. Thanks.
Given that you have one l.e.d. with an incorporated resistor and that it needs 12V, it makes sense to use a 12V supply and run the others from it too.
You can use either a 12V battery or eight 1.5V cells.
12V Sealed Lead-acid batteries are available in a variety of sizes and capacities, possibly from RadioShack – I haven’t checked.
Eight cells will need a suitable holder. It may be easier to find holders for four cells – use two of them.
To use this idea, the green, blue and high brightness red l.e.ds would all be connected in series, i.e. the cathode of one connected to the anode of the next. It doesn’t matter in which order they are wired.
You end up with the three l.e.ds connected together, with a free anode connection at one end and a free cathode connection at the other.
The total of their nominal forward voltages is 8.
We shall design for 20mA through them.
A supply voltage of 12 and a total Vf figure of 4 means that there will be 4 volts across the series current-limiting resistor.
The value of a resistor with 4 volts across it and 20mA through it is given by Ohm’s Law. (Look it up, it’s very useful.)
4 (volts) divided by 20 (mA) is 0.2k (0.2 kilohms, since the current is in mA)
That is 200 ohms. The next highest “preferred value” is 220.
The power dissipated in 220 ohms at 20mA is roughly 0.07W (from Ohm’s Law again), so a half watt resistor will be suitable.
The resistor should now be connected in series with the three l.e.ds. It doesn’t matter at which end.
You will now have a string of three l.e.ds and a resistor, and your 12V l.e.d.
Connect one end of the string of l.e.ds, the end which had the free cathode (even if it now has the resistor connected to it),to the negative end of your battery supply.
And connect the cathode end (it may just be marked negative or with the horizontal bar sign) also to the battery’s negative end.
Now connect the remaining end of the l.e.d. chain (the anode end) to one end of the switch, and the anode or positive connection of the 12V l.e.d. to the same end of the switch.
The other end of the switch should be connected to the positive end of the battery.
I think that should be clear enough. If not, let me know and I’ll put a diagram together and stick it on the web.
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